Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda; Junko Hatakeyama; Masaaki Takezaki; Masahiro Yoneda; Yuji Hatakeyama; Sachio Tamaoki

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda, Junko Hatakeyama, Masaaki Takezaki, Masahiro Yoneda, Yuji Hatakeyama, Sachio Tamaoki

Published in American Journal of BioScience (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 6 December 2021 Accepted: 5 January 2022 Published: 18 January 2022

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Abstract

The synchondroses in the cranial base are important structures in craniofacial growth, and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is representative of a typical growth site. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with multiple biological processes and is a critical factor in chondrogenesis. It has been reported that 78kDa Glucose-regulated protein (Grp78) plays an important role in suppressing regulators in ER stress-mediated apoptosis in chondrogenesis, and Cripto is the cell surface signaling partner of Grp78 in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. We attempt to clarify the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto in the SOS. The mice head at embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) were collected and embedded in paraffin. The serial sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, lectin, and immunostaining. The SOS structure containing the resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zone were identified with Alcian blue staining, wheat germ agglutinin, and Type II Collagen immunostaining. Immunostaining of Grp78 in the SOS revealed positive immunoreactivity in all the chondrocytes of the SOS. However, the chondrocytes of the proliferating zone were weakly immunopositive to Cripto, while the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone were strongly immunopositive. Since the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto was different in cartilage zone, these data suggest that Grp78 and Cripto would be involved in the regulation of hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and may be related with ER stress in the SOS.

Published in	American Journal of BioScience (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
Page(s)	31-34
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis (SOS), Grp78, Cripto

References

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APA Style

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda, Junko Hatakeyama, Masaaki Takezaki, Masahiro Yoneda, Yuji Hatakeyama, et al. (2022). Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis. American Journal of BioScience, 10(1), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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ACS Style

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda; Junko Hatakeyama; Masaaki Takezaki; Masahiro Yoneda; Yuji Hatakeyama, et al. Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis. Am. J. BioScience 2022, 10(1), 31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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AMA Style

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda, Junko Hatakeyama, Masaaki Takezaki, Masahiro Yoneda, Yuji Hatakeyama, et al. Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis. Am J BioScience. 2022;10(1):31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15,
  author = {Yuko Niidome-Matsuda and Junko Hatakeyama and Masaaki Takezaki and Masahiro Yoneda and Yuji Hatakeyama and Sachio Tamaoki},
  title = {Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {31-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20221001.15},
  abstract = {The synchondroses in the cranial base are important structures in craniofacial growth, and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is representative of a typical growth site. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with multiple biological processes and is a critical factor in chondrogenesis. It has been reported that 78kDa Glucose-regulated protein (Grp78) plays an important role in suppressing regulators in ER stress-mediated apoptosis in chondrogenesis, and Cripto is the cell surface signaling partner of Grp78 in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. We attempt to clarify the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto in the SOS. The mice head at embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) were collected and embedded in paraffin. The serial sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, lectin, and immunostaining. The SOS structure containing the resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zone were identified with Alcian blue staining, wheat germ agglutinin, and Type II Collagen immunostaining. Immunostaining of Grp78 in the SOS revealed positive immunoreactivity in all the chondrocytes of the SOS. However, the chondrocytes of the proliferating zone were weakly immunopositive to Cripto, while the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone were strongly immunopositive. Since the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto was different in cartilage zone, these data suggest that Grp78 and Cripto would be involved in the regulation of hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and may be related with ER stress in the SOS.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis
AU  - Yuko Niidome-Matsuda
AU  - Junko Hatakeyama
AU  - Masaaki Takezaki
AU  - Masahiro Yoneda
AU  - Yuji Hatakeyama
AU  - Sachio Tamaoki
Y1  - 2022/01/18
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
AB  - The synchondroses in the cranial base are important structures in craniofacial growth, and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is representative of a typical growth site. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with multiple biological processes and is a critical factor in chondrogenesis. It has been reported that 78kDa Glucose-regulated protein (Grp78) plays an important role in suppressing regulators in ER stress-mediated apoptosis in chondrogenesis, and Cripto is the cell surface signaling partner of Grp78 in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. We attempt to clarify the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto in the SOS. The mice head at embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) were collected and embedded in paraffin. The serial sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, lectin, and immunostaining. The SOS structure containing the resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zone were identified with Alcian blue staining, wheat germ agglutinin, and Type II Collagen immunostaining. Immunostaining of Grp78 in the SOS revealed positive immunoreactivity in all the chondrocytes of the SOS. However, the chondrocytes of the proliferating zone were weakly immunopositive to Cripto, while the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone were strongly immunopositive. Since the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto was different in cartilage zone, these data suggest that Grp78 and Cripto would be involved in the regulation of hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and may be related with ER stress in the SOS.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda

Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
Junko Hatakeyama

Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
Masaaki Takezaki

Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
Masahiro Yoneda

Section of General Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
Yuji Hatakeyama

Section of Functional Structure, Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
Sachio Tamaoki

Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan

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APA Style

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda, Junko Hatakeyama, Masaaki Takezaki, Masahiro Yoneda, Yuji Hatakeyama, et al. (2022). Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis. American Journal of BioScience, 10(1), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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ACS Style

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda; Junko Hatakeyama; Masaaki Takezaki; Masahiro Yoneda; Yuji Hatakeyama, et al. Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis. Am. J. BioScience 2022, 10(1), 31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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AMA Style

Yuko Niidome-Matsuda, Junko Hatakeyama, Masaaki Takezaki, Masahiro Yoneda, Yuji Hatakeyama, et al. Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis. Am J BioScience. 2022;10(1):31-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15,
  author = {Yuko Niidome-Matsuda and Junko Hatakeyama and Masaaki Takezaki and Masahiro Yoneda and Yuji Hatakeyama and Sachio Tamaoki},
  title = {Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis},
  journal = {American Journal of BioScience},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {31-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbio.20221001.15},
  abstract = {The synchondroses in the cranial base are important structures in craniofacial growth, and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is representative of a typical growth site. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with multiple biological processes and is a critical factor in chondrogenesis. It has been reported that 78kDa Glucose-regulated protein (Grp78) plays an important role in suppressing regulators in ER stress-mediated apoptosis in chondrogenesis, and Cripto is the cell surface signaling partner of Grp78 in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. We attempt to clarify the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto in the SOS. The mice head at embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) were collected and embedded in paraffin. The serial sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, lectin, and immunostaining. The SOS structure containing the resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zone were identified with Alcian blue staining, wheat germ agglutinin, and Type II Collagen immunostaining. Immunostaining of Grp78 in the SOS revealed positive immunoreactivity in all the chondrocytes of the SOS. However, the chondrocytes of the proliferating zone were weakly immunopositive to Cripto, while the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone were strongly immunopositive. Since the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto was different in cartilage zone, these data suggest that Grp78 and Cripto would be involved in the regulation of hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and may be related with ER stress in the SOS.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Immunohistochemical Study of 78kDa Glucose-regulated Protein (Grp78) and Cripto in the Spheno-occipital Synchondrosis
AU  - Yuko Niidome-Matsuda
AU  - Junko Hatakeyama
AU  - Masaaki Takezaki
AU  - Masahiro Yoneda
AU  - Yuji Hatakeyama
AU  - Sachio Tamaoki
Y1  - 2022/01/18
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
T2  - American Journal of BioScience
JF  - American Journal of BioScience
JO  - American Journal of BioScience
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0167
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbio.20221001.15
AB  - The synchondroses in the cranial base are important structures in craniofacial growth, and the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) is representative of a typical growth site. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with multiple biological processes and is a critical factor in chondrogenesis. It has been reported that 78kDa Glucose-regulated protein (Grp78) plays an important role in suppressing regulators in ER stress-mediated apoptosis in chondrogenesis, and Cripto is the cell surface signaling partner of Grp78 in the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. We attempt to clarify the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto in the SOS. The mice head at embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) were collected and embedded in paraffin. The serial sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, lectin, and immunostaining. The SOS structure containing the resting, proliferative, and hypertrophic zone were identified with Alcian blue staining, wheat germ agglutinin, and Type II Collagen immunostaining. Immunostaining of Grp78 in the SOS revealed positive immunoreactivity in all the chondrocytes of the SOS. However, the chondrocytes of the proliferating zone were weakly immunopositive to Cripto, while the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone were strongly immunopositive. Since the immunolocalization of Grp78 and Cripto was different in cartilage zone, these data suggest that Grp78 and Cripto would be involved in the regulation of hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation and may be related with ER stress in the SOS.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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